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#1 2021-04-14 10:29:50

dmarkey
Member
Registered: 2021-04-14
Posts: 2

Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Hi all, thanks for the distro. It has brought my old Intel Galileo back to life!

However, I'm having some problems with some apps. This could be the Quark "segfault bug" Or it could be that this CPU doesn't have all the features needed.


processor    : 0
vendor_id    : GenuineIntel
cpu family    : 5
model        : 9
model name    : Quark SoC X1000
stepping    : 0
cpu MHz        : 399.088
cache size    : 16 KB
physical id    : 0
siblings    : 1
core id        : 0
cpu cores    : 1
apicid        : 0
initial apicid    : 0
fdiv_bug    : no
f00f_bug    : no
coma_bug    : no
fpu        : yes
fpu_exception    : yes
cpuid level    : 7
wp        : yes
flags        : fpu vme pse tsc msr pae cx8 apic pbe nx cpuid smep
bugs        : itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 798.17
clflush size    : 32
cache_alignment    : 32
address sizes    : 32 bits physical, 32 bits virtual


Can anyone confirm to be that i486 should run on the CPU with these flags?

For example, Git and nginx Segfault

Last edited by dmarkey (2021-04-14 10:30:07)

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#2 2021-04-14 15:09:05

levi
Moderator
From: Yorkshire, UK
Registered: 2018-06-16
Posts: 1,197

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Good question: my flags are:

Flags:                           fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr
                                  pge mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse 
                                 sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx constant_tsc arch_perfmon p
                                 ebs bts cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_c
                                 pl est tm2 ssse3 xtpr pdcm movbe lahf_lm dtherm

As far as I'm reading, i484 shouldn't require anything, but that can't be literally true.  Listed on that page are CMOV, MMX, and all of the SSEs which allow me to run pentium4 code.  If we exclude those from my flags list and those from your flags, that leaves:

de sep mtrr pge mca pat clflush dts fxsr ss ht tm constant_tsc arch_perfmod pebs bts cpuid aperfmerf pril dtes64 monitor ds_c pl est tm3 xtpr pdcm movbe lahf_lm dtherm

Some of those are almost certainly related to later sse stuff that I don't know about, but I can't say if any of these are needed to run i486 code.  I also don't know what the smep flag is.


Architecture: pentium4, Testing repos: Yes, Hardware: EeePC 901+2GB RAM+OS half on the SD card.

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#3 2021-04-14 18:55:59

dmarkey
Member
Registered: 2021-04-14
Posts: 2

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Hmm.. interesting. I have an alpine image which seems more stable - git works, as works, but like arch, nginx doesn't work. Alpine is completely different though, as it doesn't use libc. Will keep investigating.

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#4 2021-04-15 13:15:25

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
Website

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Segfault sounds more like a linking issue of sorts. CPU incompatibilites would more likely result in 'Illegal Instruction'.
I'm testing the i486 architecture currently only on a i486 virtual machine with:

flags           : fpu vme pse cpuid tsc_known_freq x2apic hypervisor cpuid_fault

I'm using git without segfaults.

If you can produce a stacktrace, that would be really helpful.

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#5 2021-04-15 14:19:43

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
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Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

I just tested on the VM with nginx, I can start it and run a curl http://localhost.

I can test this evening on my lowest profile servers, maybe I can reproduce the issue on real hardware.

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#6 2021-04-16 15:59:07

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
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Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

I tried on an AMD-K6:

model name      : AMD-K6(tm) 3D processor
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr cx8 pge mmx syscall 3dnow k6_mtrr cpuid 3dnowprefetch vmmcall

nginx works, git works, but I found gcc bumping into:

    /usr/bin/cc    -o CMakeFiles/cmTC_b03e5.dir/testCCompiler.c.o -c /root/cssh/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp/testCCompiler.c
    cc: internal compiler error: Illegal instruction signal terminated program as

Fri 2021-04-16 16:47:13 CEST    663     0     0   4 present   /usr/bin/as

Core was generated by `as --32 -o CMakeFiles/cmTC_b03e5.dir/testCCompiler.c.o /tmp/ccTiaULP.s'.
Program terminated with signal SIGILL, Illegal instruction.

Even calling 'ar' without any arguments results in:

Sadly Archlinux (and so Archlinux32) per default, so after building a debug version of binutils for i486
might tell more..

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#7 2021-04-16 17:29:54

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
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Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Program received signal SIGILL, Illegal instruction.
0x004db540 in ?? ()
=> 0x004db540:  f3 0f 1e fb     endbr32

of course. again..

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#8 2021-04-16 20:07:34

levi
Moderator
From: Yorkshire, UK
Registered: 2018-06-16
Posts: 1,197

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Apparently the endbr32 instruction only came in with tiger lake CPUs.  I'm not sure therefore what it's doing in any archlinux32 builds.


Architecture: pentium4, Testing repos: Yes, Hardware: EeePC 901+2GB RAM+OS half on the SD card.

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#9 2021-04-17 11:43:50

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
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Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

binutils has been built in the past with --enable-cet=no on i486 and with CET on i686 and pentium4. Somehow either the patch, the flag
or the code enabled/disabled by the flag is no longer working... or somehting completely else. :-)

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#10 2021-04-17 14:33:47

levi
Moderator
From: Yorkshire, UK
Registered: 2018-06-16
Posts: 1,197

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

As far as I can tell, even pentium4 builds should be built with CET opcodes disabled, but that said I've experienced no crashes in binutils on this system.  Perhaps intel replaced the bad opcode with a nop this far back?


Architecture: pentium4, Testing repos: Yes, Hardware: EeePC 901+2GB RAM+OS half on the SD card.

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#11 2021-04-18 12:13:57

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
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Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Yes, I opted to keep endbr32 in which gets translated to multi-byte NOPs IIRC. This in order not to create chaos with address computation
(the opcode has the same length). Before some CPU (some pentium IIRC), the multi-byte NOP is missing (only the single-byte NOP is available),
so you get the SIGILL there.

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#12 2021-04-29 17:06:14

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
Website

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Ok, binutils is fixed. was a no longer applied patch in build() to configure CET properly..

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#13 2022-08-25 16:30:01

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
Website

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Good news, everybody! ;-)

I actually got an Intel Galileo Gen 2 myself now, I might soon be able to test Archlinux32 on it..

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#14 2022-09-04 18:19:44

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
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Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Not sure, but it looks as if I need a 32-bit EFI when I want to boot via the boot device and not via the internal Grub in the SPI, right?

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#15 2022-09-06 20:11:44

abaumann
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From: Zurich
Registered: 2019-11-14
Posts: 1,031
Website

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Some poking around yields:

file grub.efi
grub.efi: PE32 executable (EFI application) Intel 80386 (stripped to external PDB), for MS Windows

boot/grub/grub.cfg
bzImage
core-image-minimal-initramfs-clanton.cpio.gz
grub.efi
image-full-galileo-clanton.ext3
ramdisk

Looks like a FAT32 partition (EFI compliant) with the files and a 32-bit
Grub should do it.

The ramdisk looks quite standard cpio (SVR4 with no CRC, gzipped), it has the
yocto 3.8.7 kernel modules and a busybox and a uclibc.

rootimage=image-full-galileo-clanton.ext3 could presumably be also
a second partition with an ext filesystem containg the root filesystem..

..let's see another day :-)

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#16 2022-09-06 22:34:37

levi
Moderator
From: Yorkshire, UK
Registered: 2018-06-16
Posts: 1,197

Re: Intel Quark/Galileo Segfaults

Looks reasonable to me, but I don't have any experience with EFI devices, both of my current x86 computers are firmly GPT based.


Architecture: pentium4, Testing repos: Yes, Hardware: EeePC 901+2GB RAM+OS half on the SD card.

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